C Language Cheatsheet For Beginner - csesolution

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C Language Cheatsheet For Beginner 

 

^{About the c history –}   

 C is a programming language  developed by Dennis Ritchie in 1972 at AT & t’s bell laboratories (USA). C became popular because it is simple and easy to use. 

 

 

 

^{Learn C with simple method :}

If you are learning C programming you also know about steps in learning English language because if you learn c programming language with compare other language then you easily learn c language. Now I will compare with English language  because There is a close analogy between learning English language and learning c language

 

 

                                         

Steps in learning English Language Alphabets Words Sentences Paragraph

 

 

 

 

 

 

Steps in learning C language Alphabets Digits Special symbols Constants Variables Keywords   Instructions   Programs

 

 

Alphabets , Digits , & special symbols

Alphabets         A, B,C,D…………..Y,Z                            a , b , c,……………y ,z   Digits       0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9   Special symbols   , . / <> ? ; ’ \ : ” | - = _ + [] {} ! @ # $ % ^ & * ~ `

 

 

 

 

 

Let’s briefly discuses symbols=

 

 

^{Constants, Variables And keywords}

The Alphabets  digits and special symbols when properly combined from constants , variables and keywords .

 

^{Types of c constants :}

There are two major categories constants in C language

 1. primary constants

 2. Secondary constants

^{Primary Constants} 

Primary constants in C can be divided in to three categories

1. Integer

2. Real Constants

3. Character Constants

^{Secondary Constants} 

 Secondary Constants there are:

1. Array
2. Pointer
3. Structure
4. Union
5. Enum

^{Some Instruction of Integer Constants :}

   1. Range for Integer constants is (-2147483648 to +2147483647).

   2. “,” are not allowed within an integer constant

   3. blanks      not allowed in an integer constant.

   4. An integer constant must have at least one digit.

   5. It must not have a decimal point like that= (35566.356) not Allowed

^{Example of Integer Constants are allowed :}

       424   +466  -32575  +2354  -356  35466

Note :- Integer Constants range depends upon compiler

 

^{Some Instruction of Real Constants :}

Real Constants/Floting Point Constants. Real constants divided into two form.

Real Constants

1. Fractional Form

2. Exponential Form

 

^{Fractional Form :}

Real constant Expressed in fractional form:-                 

     1. it must have a decimal point.

     2. A real constant must have at least one digit.

     3. No commas or blanks are allowed within a real constants.

     4. it can be positive or negative

Note :  In real constants  default sign is positive

EX:-   +456.744  235.9   -423.76   3298

 

^{Exponential Form} 

The Exponential from use when the real constants value is either too small or to large.

the real constants is represented in 2 parts in Exponential From. The part before ‘e’is called mantissa, where as the part following ‘e’ is called exponent

^{Real Constants in Exponential Form}

1. The mantissa part and the exponential part in real Constants separate by ‘e’or ‘E’

2. the mantissa sign allow possitve or negative . default sign is positive

3. the exponent  sign allow possitve or negative . default sign is positive

4. Range of real constants in exponential form is : -3.4e38 to 3.4e38

EX:-  +3.2e-5,  4.1e6 , -0.3E+6

 

^Note:

 Remember this point in c language a character constants is a single digit, Single alphabet or single special symbol enclosed in single inverted commas.

Like as :- ’A’

 

^{Let’s know about C Keywords :}

Keywords in c language means some special keyword already explained in c library to the c compiler there are only 32 keywords available in C.

1. auto 2. double 3. int 4. struct 5. break 6. else 7. long 8. switch

9. case 10. enum 11. register 12. typedef 13. char 14. extern 15. return 16. union

17. const 18. float 19. short 20. unsigned 21. continue 22. for 23. signed 24. void

25. do 26. if 27. static 28. while 29. volatile 30. sizeof 31. goto 32. default

 

 

^{Comment in C :}

There are two type comment in C language. are called first one line Comment and second are called two or multi line Comment.

Comment are used in a c program to clarify the purpose of the program.

Comment used basic know about program , its author and the date on which the program was written.

^{Like as :} 

One line comment use

// this is my first program in c

 

^{Like as :}

Multi line comment use

/* This program use in    Simple interest    For given value for user */